How to File a Civil Suit in Pakistan
A comprehensive guide to the civil litigation process, from drafting the plaint to the final decree.
Use the LHC Case Management System to view the next hearing date and court orders.
Track Case (LHC)Civil suits cover disputes related to Property, Family, Contracts, and Damages. Unlike criminal cases, the goal here is usually compensation or specific relief, not imprisonment.
The 6 Stages of a Civil Trial
Filing the Plaint (Dawa)
The case begins when the Plaintiff (claimant) files a written complaint called a "Plaint" in the Civil Court. This document must state the facts, the cause of action, and the relief demanded (e.g., "Return my 50 Lakhs").
Summons & Written Statement
The Court issues a notice (Summons) to the Defendant (opponent). The Defendant must appear and file a "Written Statement" (Jawab-e-Dawa) admitting or denying the allegations, usually within 30 days.
Framing of Issues
The Judge analyzes both sides and lists the key questions to be decided (e.g., "Is the property document fake?"). These questions are called "Issues."
Evidence (Shahadat)
This is the most critical stage. Both parties present their documents and witnesses. The lawyers will "Cross-Examine" the opposing witnesses to prove them wrong.
Final Arguments
Once evidence is closed, both lawyers present their final oral arguments, summarizing the case and citing relevant laws and previous High Court judgments.
Judgment & Decree
The Judge announces the verdict. If you win, you get a "Decree." If the opponent refuses to obey the Decree, you file an "Execution Petition" to enforce it via Police or Court Bailiff.
Required Documents Checklist
- CNIC Copies of Plaintiff
- Fard / Registry (For Property Cases)
- Witness List (List of Gawah)
- Court Fee (usually Rs. 15,000 max)
- Vakalatnama (Power of Attorney to Lawyer)
- Legal Notice Copy (if sent earlier)